The most important topic in this class was the motivation,
because how can a team or employee work in a satisfactory way if there is no
motivation in their work or life?
To start I will like to start with the three
simultaneous motivating needs, the need for achievement, which can be explain
as the desire of the person to succeed. The need for affiliation, which is the
necessity or need to be accepted by others and have pleasant social
relationships. Need of power, which is the desire of having a leadership
position and having the opportunity to influence and control others. For another
part, there are some ways to see the motivation, they can be extrinsic or intrinsic,
depending each person desire, for example having a good salary, feeling secure,
improving interpersonal relationships, having the opportunity to grow as a
person, acquiring recognition or status and with it power, challenging the work,
freedom and so on. So is important that the employee keep in mind that if they
make a give effort, they will succeed and therefore be rewarded with something
they want or desire. When talking about motivation is important also to classify
it depending on the culture, if the culture is individualistic or
collectivistic the motivation will vary. The motivation in an individualistic
culture is based on self-actualization, they attribute success to themselves and
failure to others or the situation, they work harder on their own than on a
team; while in the collectivistic culture on the group-actualization, and they
attribute success to the team or the situation, and failure to themselves, they
put more effort in a group. To motivate the people is important to know what
motivates them, so there are four steps that can help to discover them; first you
need to gather them, and then ask them about the motivations they have, what
drives them to work hard or have the need to succeed, you need to clarify the
meaning of motivation for each one, and let them to have a group discussion so
they can prioritize.
For my research question I will like to go further on
the expectancy theory (vroom) because I found it interesting. This theory was
developed by Victor Vroom, who suggested that the behavior of the people was a
result of conscious choices among different alternatives that will maximize
their pleasure and satisfaction. He believes that even do the person has
different goals, interest or positions, due to their behavior, skills, and so
on, they can be motivated if they
believe that it will really help them. By doing a good performance where the
person put a lot of effort, will end up with a desirable reward, which is supposed
to satisfy their needs. So this theory will lead us to three beliefs Valance, expectancy
and instrumentality. The Valance refers to “the emotional orientations people
hold with respect to outcomes”, in other words, how much the person desires or
want the extrinsic or intrinsic motivation. The expectancy refers to the
different expectations and levels of confidence that an employee or person has
and which describes or explain the capability of doing something. The last one instrumentality
refers to “The perception of employees as to whether they will actually get
what they desire even if it has been promised by a manager”. By applying this
three beliefs there will be a motivational force that will help the person or
employee to perform in the best way, looking for ways that will help them to
satisfy their needs, and give them pleasure.
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